Fungal nails are caused by an infection with fungi, usually dermatophytes, that settle under the nail and in the nail beds. These fungi thrive in warm, moist environments, such as showers, swimming pools and athletic shoes. People who are regularly exposed to these environments, such as athletes and swimmers, are at increased risk of developing nail fungus.
Symptoms of fungal nails include thickening of the nail, discoloration (usually yellow-brown), brittleness, deformation and detachment of the nail from the nail bed. In severe cases, the nail may even detach completely.
Treating fungal nails can be challenging because the fungi penetrate deep into the nail and are difficult to reach. Common treatments are antifungal medications, both in the form of oral medications and topical creams or ointments. However, these treatments can be long-term and sometimes have side effects. In some cases, a doctor may decide to remove all or part of the nail to expedite treatment.
In addition to medical treatments, there are also some preventive measures people can take to avoid nail fungus. It is important to keep feet clean and dry, change socks regularly, wear well-fitting shoes that breathe, and avoid public areas such as swimming pools and showers if one is prone to fungal infections.
In addition, it is essential to maintain good hygiene practices, such as regularly cleaning and trimming nails, avoiding sharing nail clippers and other personal care items, and avoiding wearing tight shoes or synthetic socks that retain moisture.
Although fungal nails are often considered a cosmetic problem, it is important to take them seriously and treat them promptly to prevent further complications. With proper care and preventive measures, people can effectively prevent and treat fungal nails, allowing them to go through life comfortably and confidently.
